Description
Insulin Glargine 100 IU/mL: Long-Acting Basal Insulin for Blood Sugar Stability
What Is Insulin Glargine 100 IU/mL?
Insulin Glargine is a long-acting insulin analog used for managing blood glucose levels in people with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes mellitus. It provides a steady release of insulin over 24 hours and is designed to mimic the body’s natural basal insulin.
It is sold under brand names such as Lantus, Basaglar, and Semglee. Unlike rapid-acting insulins, it is not intended for meal-time use, but rather for maintaining baseline (fasting) glucose control.
Ingredients
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Active Ingredient: Insulin Glargine (100 IU/mL)
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Inactive Ingredients: Zinc chloride, glycerol, m-cresol (preservative), sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid (for pH adjustment), and water for injection.
How to Use
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Inject once daily, at the same time each day, preferably in the evening or at bedtime.
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Administer via subcutaneous injection (abdomen, thigh, or upper arm).
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Do not mix with other insulins in the same syringe.
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Store unopened pens/vials in the refrigerator (2°C–8°C) and use opened pens at room temperature for up to 28 days.
Common Side Effects
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Hypoglycemia (low blood sugar): Symptoms include shakiness, sweating, fatigue, and blurred vision.
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Injection site reactions: Pain, redness, or swelling.
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Weight gain
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Skin thickening or lumps at injection sites (lipohypertrophy)
Serious Side Effects
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Severe hypoglycemia: Can result in seizures, loss of consciousness, or coma.
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Allergic reactions: Rash, itching, or serious systemic reactions (rare).
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Hypokalemia (low potassium): Muscle cramps, weakness, or arrhythmias.
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Insulin resistance or antibody formation (rare with long-term use)
Monitoring & Follow-Up
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Monitor fasting blood glucose regularly.
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HbA1c testing every 3 months to assess long-term glucose control.
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Periodic check of electrolyte levels, especially if using other glucose-lowering agents or diuretics.
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Review injection technique and site rotation with a healthcare provider.
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Adjust dose during illness, stress, or lifestyle changes.
Warnings & Precautions
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Not for treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA).
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Use caution in patients with renal, hepatic, or cardiac conditions.
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Dose adjustments may be necessary in elderly patients or those with impaired renal function.
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Pregnancy and breastfeeding: Generally considered safe with medical supervision.
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Avoid alcohol and monitor for hypoglycemia when using with oral diabetes medications or during intense physical activity.
Summary
Insulin Glargine 100 IU/mL is a vital component in the long-term management of diabetes, offering consistent 24-hour glucose control. Its once-daily administration enhances convenience and adherence, especially in patients requiring stable basal insulin levels. While generally safe, close monitoring and education are crucial to prevent and manage side effects like hypoglycemia. With correct use, it helps reduce complications and improves quality of life in diabetic patients.
Note: This information is intended for educational purposes and should not replace professional medical advice. Always consult your healthcare provider for personalized recommendations.
