Description
Sitagliptin 50mg + Metformin 500mg is a combination oral medication used in the treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. It is prescribed to help control blood sugar levels in adults when lifestyle changes and metformin alone are not sufficient. Each component works through different mechanisms to provide better glycemic control:
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Sitagliptin: A Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitor that increases the activity of incretin hormones. These hormones help regulate insulin and glucagon secretion in a glucose-dependent manner, primarily after meals.
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Metformin: A biguanide that reduces hepatic glucose production, increases insulin sensitivity in the muscles, and decreases glucose absorption in the intestines.
This combination is especially effective in controlling both fasting and post-meal blood sugar levels, making it a preferred option in stepwise diabetes management.
Safety Advice
1. Risk of Lactic Acidosis (Metformin):
Though rare, lactic acidosis is a serious side effect of metformin, particularly in people with kidney impairment, dehydration, liver disease, or alcohol abuse. Symptoms include fatigue, abdominal pain, muscle cramps, and difficulty breathing. Immediate medical attention is needed if these symptoms appear.
2. Monitor Kidney Function:
Before initiating treatment, and periodically during therapy, kidney function (eGFR or serum creatinine) should be evaluated. This ensures safe and effective use of metformin.
3. Hypoglycemia Risk is Low Alone:
This combination usually does not cause low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) when taken alone. However, the risk increases if it is taken with insulin or sulfonylureas. Monitor glucose levels and adjust dosages accordingly.
4. Pancreatitis Caution (Sitagliptin):
Sitagliptin has been associated in rare cases with acute pancreatitis. Unexplained severe abdominal pain should be investigated immediately.
5. Alcohol Use:
Alcohol increases the risk of lactic acidosis with metformin. Avoid excessive alcohol intake, especially binge drinking or chronic alcohol use.
6. Not for Type 1 Diabetes or DKA:
This medication is ineffective for Type 1 Diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis and should not be used for these conditions.
Storage Instructions
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Store at 15–30°C (59–86°F) in a dry, cool place.
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Protect from moisture, heat, and direct sunlight.
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Keep the medication in its original packaging until use.
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Keep out of reach of children and pets.
Additional Notes
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Administration Advice: Take the medication with meals to reduce gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea or diarrhea, commonly associated with metformin.
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Missed Dose: If you miss a dose, take it as soon as you remember. If it’s close to the next dose, skip the missed one—do not double the dose.
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Monitoring: Regular monitoring of blood glucose, HbA1c, and kidney function is recommended during treatment.
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Weight Neutrality: This combination is generally weight-neutral, which is beneficial for patients concerned about weight gain.
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Lifestyle Modifications: Continue following a healthy diet, exercise regimen, and weight management plan alongside medication for optimal results.
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Drug Interactions: Let your doctor know about all other medications you are taking, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements.
Conclusion
Sitagliptin 50mg + Metformin 500mg is an effective and well-tolerated combination therapy for managing Type 2 diabetes, especially in early to moderate stages. With proper use, routine monitoring, and adherence to medical advice, it supports long-term blood sugar control and reduces the risk of diabetes-related complications.
Note: This information is intended for educational purposes and should not replace professional medical advice. Always consult a healthcare provider for personalized guidance.
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